早食いは糖尿病発症の大きなリスク因子かもしれない。

早食いが糖尿病発症の大きなリスク因子かもしれない。 という論文がでていました。

■ 試験デザイン
TPECOに分けると下記のようになります
T: 試験デザイン コホート 3年間
P: 患者背景 非糖尿病 197,825人
E: 介入 C:比較
アンケート
食べる速度
夕食後や就寝前の間食
朝食抜き

O: アウトカム 糖尿病の発症

■ 結果

Odds ratio of new diabetes onset by logistic regression analysis
The odds ratio (OR) for onset of diabetes due to difference in eating habits was examined by logistic regression analysis. Being a fast eater les to a significantly increased risk of diabetes mellitus (OR 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.33, P < 0.01), as did snacking before sleep (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10–1.25, P < 0.01), and skipping breakfast (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.00–1.19, P < 0.05) (Model 1). In Model 3, snacking before sleep and skipping breakfast had no significant differences. There was no difference in patients who snacked after supper with regard to unadjusted OR; however, it was identified as significant following multivariate risk correction (Model 3). In Model 4, even if “change in body weight from 20 years old was 10 kg or more” and “a change in weight over 1 year of ≥3 kg” were included as adjustment factors, fast eaters was an independent factor for diabetes onset. Snacking before sleep, snacking after supper, and skipping breakfast were not independent factors.

アンケートでのコホート研究ですから、明確な因果関係にはならないものの、 早食いが糖尿病に悪そうという印象を、3年間追跡しデータとして相関関係に落とし込めたのは良い研究だと思います。

■ 参照文献
Kudo A et al., Sci Rep. 2019 Jun 3;9(1):8210.
PMID: 31160664

名古屋糖尿病内科クリニック 院長・糖尿病専門医 平井博之